the effect of media, explants and cytokinin on micropropagation of araucaria excelsa r.

norfolk island pine (araucaria excelsa) is belonging to araucariaceae family and is native to norfolk island in australia. this plant is a woody ornamental plant of high commercial value. since it is propagated by seed, achieving a regeneration system is one of the most important goals in this woody plant tissue culture. to evaluate the effect of cytokinins and culture media for bud induction during the process of direct organogenesis, three concentrations of different cytokinins (tdz, kin and 2ip) and 4 culture media (wpm, be, ½ms and te) were employed. statistical analysis was conducted in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design. the results showed that the middle shoot explants, 2ip as the best growth regulator and wpm and te were the best media for inducing axillary buds. the overall results illustrated that plantlet production is depending on hormone type and concentration and culture medium. bap was the only pgrs that caused root induction in micro shoots. this is the first time to report the effect of culture media in micropropagation of araucaria excelsa.